PART - 3 The sentences| definition |description|easiest way to learn sentences|types of sentences |definition of types of sentences

PART - 3 ENGLISH GRAMMAR  

😊 The Sentences  

INTRODUCTION :

Friends as we know, We have different types of expression such as ideas /thoughts/imaginations/opinions/feelings and many more will be. To express clearly we speak these sentences, and mostly we write these sentences to express us. So this is our responsibility that we must know the types of sentences .it will going to help us to make clear expression and helps in making complete and meaningful sense.

                                            Patience is a superpower.

 

* Sentence defined as :

"A sentence is an arrangement (must be in Definite Order) of a group of words that makes a complete and meaningful sense."

To make it clear see these sentences given below :

•   The please shut door.

•   The moves earth the sun round.

  ऊपर दिए गए Group of words, Sentence नहीं कहे जा सकते;क्योंकि ये Definite Order में Arrange नहीं किये गए हैं;और इनसे कोई अर्थ नहीं निकलता है। 

 Now see these sentences given below :

• Please shut the door.

• The earth moves around the sun. 

  ऊपर दिए गए Group of words ,Sentence कहे जायेंगे ;क्योंकि ये Definite Order में Arrange किये गए  हैं ;और इनसे complete and meaningful sense निकलता है।

  

* Types of sentences:- 

1. Assertive/Statement/Declarative
2. Interrogative
3. Imperative
4. Optative
5. Exclamatory 

1. Assertive/Statement/Declarative

 
" When we need to give some facts or to describe events or things whether negative or positive,we use assertive sentences .An assertive sentence makes only a statement,an assertion and ends with a full stop.  "

 Structures :

• S+V+O/C
• S+V1/V5+O/C
• S+is/are/am+V4+O/C
• S+have/has+V3+O/C
• S+have/has+been+V4+O/C
• S+V2+O/C
• S+modal+V1
• S+modal+be+V4
• S+modal+have+V3
• S+modal+have been+V4 

(S=SUBJECT,V=VERB,O=OBJECT,C=COMPLEMENT)


 Examples: Affirmative or Yes-Statement:

• Sunny went to Delhi yesterday.
• Kriti may win the prize.
• Vickey may be coming now. 
• I am sure you too will begin to speak English.

  Examples: Negative or No-Statement:

Negative Statement प्रायः first auxiliary verb के बाद Not रखने से बनता है;

जैसे -

• Abha has not been reading the book.
• Komal is not living in Patna those days.

But some Negative words ऐसे हैं जिनके प्रयोग से Sentences अपने आप Negative बन जाते हैं;हमें not का प्रयोग नहीं करना परता है; 

जैसे -

• I hardly go there. (मैं वहाँ बिल्कुल नहीं जाता हूँ। )
• Barking dogs seldom bite. (भौंकने वाले कुत्ते काटते नहीं। )

 Sometimes Negative word 'NO' is to make negative sentences.

• I have no money.
• He has no patience.
• There is no possibility of his arrival.   

2. Interrogative Sentences:

 Interrogative Sentences are:-

      1. Yes/No-questions:    

   " When we need to ask someone a question, we use an interrogative sentence.It ends with a mark of interrogation(?)."

          Structures:  Auxiliary Verb+subject+Main Verb+Other words+?

(Auxiliary verbs - is,am,are,was,were,have,has,had,do,does,did,

shall,will,should,would,can,could,may,might,must,ought to,used to,need,dare)

 Examples:      

1.  Do you read any newspaper?
2.  Does he smoke?
3.  Is that your pen? 

       2. WH - question:   

          Structures: Question Word+verb+Other words+?
 
          Structures: Question Word+Auxiliary Verb+sub+main verb+otherwords+?

 Examples:  

1.  Who invented the television?
2.  Who are you looking for?
3.  Where do you live?
4.  How fast does he run?

  

3. Imperative Sentences:

" When we need to express some command,request and advice,we use imperative sentences."

 Examples: 

1.  Come on/in time          (Order)
2.  Help the poor.              (Advice)
3.  Never tell a lie.            (Advice)

कभी-कभी Imperative Sentence एक ही शब्द का होता है;जैसे -

 Run! , Hurry! , Catch! , Come! , Go! ,

4. Optative Sentences:

"When we need to express a wish/prayer/curse to some one,we use optative sentences ."

 Examples:

1. Wish you a happy new year!
2. May you be successful!
3. Many many happy returns of the day!
4. Would that he was alive!  

5. Exclamatory Sentences:

"When we need to express some strong and sudden feeling of surprise,sorrow,joy,anger,regret,contempt,hatred,etc.we use exclamatory sentences."

          Structures: How+Adjective 
          Structures: How+Adjective+Noun

 Examples:

1. What a boy!               (Surprise)
2. How beautiful!            (Joy)
3. Alas! I am undone.     (Sorrow)
4. Pooh!pooh!                (Contempt)
5. How bad!                   (Contempt)